Bouxwiller is a very old settlement, having already been occupied in Roman times. From the early Middle Ages, Bouxwiller and the surrounding villages were fiefs held by the Lords of Lichtenberg from the bishopric of Metz. In the 16th and early 17th centuries, the town experienced its first heyday. The Revolution of 1789 put an end to the institution of the county. The town?s turnaround came in 1810 with the creation of the Bouxwiller Mines, the starting point of a major chemical industry that marked Bouxwiller?s economic and social life until the early 20th century. The town has preserved many traces of this rich past, which are highlighted by several discovery trails and two museums.